Registering any of these boxed games on Steam got you access to all of them: HL, Opposing Force, Blue Shift, Counter-Strike, Team Fortress Classic. + some Valve made mods: Quake DM, and Ricochet.
That's a pretty good "carrot" to use Steam if you ask me.
Steam came out 1 year 2 months before Half Life 2.
They didn't really 'bribe' people, it was more to do with 1.6 CS only working on steam and patching was done via steam.